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The Serbs trace their history to the 6th and 7th-century southwards migration of Slavs. The Serbs, as the other South Slavs, absorbed Paleo-Balkan peoples and established various states throughout the Middle Ages; Serbian historiography agrees on that the beginning of Serbian history started with the forming of Serbian statehood in the Early Middle Ages. In the 19th century, various scholars provided several theories about the origin of the Serb ethnonym. Some researchers claimed that the ethnonym, and thereby ethnic origin, dated to ancient history. The theories are based on the presumed connection to various Roman-era ethnonyms (tribes) and toponyms. These theories remain largely unproved and controversial. ==Early historical records of the Serb name== Various authors mentioned names of Serbs ((セルビア語:Srbi) / Срби) and Sorbs (Upper Sorbian: ''Serbja''; Lower Sorbian: ''Serby'') in different variants: Surbii, Suurbi, Serbloi, Zeriuani, Sorabi, Surben, Sarbi, Serbii, Serboi, Zirbi, Surbi, Sorben, etc. These authors used these names to refer to Serbs and Sorbs in areas where their historical (or current) presence was/is not disputed (notably in the Balkans and Lusatia), but there are also sources that mention same or similar names in other parts of the World (most notably in the Asiatic Sarmatia in the Caucasus). Attempts of various researchers to connect these names with modern Serbs produced various theories about the origin of the Serb people. ;Early historical mentions of an alleged "Serb" ethnonym in the Caucasus: *Pliny the Younger in his work ''Plinii Caecilii Secundi Historia naturalis'' from the first century AD (69-75) mentioned people named Serbi,〔Aleksandar M. Petrović, Arheografija naroda jugoistočne Evrope, Beograd, 2006, page 19.〕 who lived near the Cimmerians, presumably on the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. *In the 2nd century (around 175 AD), the Egyptian scientist Claudius Ptolemy mentioned in his ''Geography'' people named Serboi or Sirboi,〔 who presumably lived behind the Caucasus, in the hinterland of the Caspian Sea. ;Early historical mentions of other Serb-sounding names that some researchers are trying to connect with the Serb people: *In the same book where he mentioned people named Serboi, Claudius Ptolemy also mentioned city named Serbinum in Pannonia.〔 *Ancient geographer Strabo mentioned that river Xanthos in Lycia was formerly named Sirbis.〔Aleksandar M. Petrović, Arheografija naroda jugoistočne Evrope, Beograd, 2006, page 20.〕 *Herodotus mentions lake named Serbonis in Egypt. This lake was also mentioned as Sirbonis by Strabo. *In the 10th century, Byzantine emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos (912-959) mentioned in his book De Ceremoniis, apart from the Slavic Croats and Serbs, there were two tribes named Krevatades (Krevatas) and Sarban (Sarbani), which some researches identified as Croats and Serbs. These tribes were located in the Caucasus near the river Terek, between Alania and Tsanaria.〔(De administrando imperio, Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (Emperor of the East), Gyula Moravcsik, Pázmány Péter Tudományegyetemi Görög Filológiai Intézet, 1949, page 115. )〕〔(Parameśa Caudhurī, India in Kurdistan, Qwality Book Company, 2005, page 79. )〕〔(The Slavs: their early history and civilization, Francis Dvornik, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1959, page 28. )〕〔(Constantini Porphyrogenneti... libri duo De ceremoniis aulæ Byzantinæ. Prodeunt nunc primum Græce, cum Latina interpretatione et commentariis. Curarunt Io. Henricus Leichius et Io. Iacobus Reiskius..., VII Constantin, Gleditschius, 1754, page 397. )〕 The Sarban tribe in the Caucasus in the 10th century was also recorded by an Arab geographer.〔(The early medieval Balkans: a critical survey from the sixth to the late twelfth century, John Van Antwerp Fine, University of Michigan Press, 1991, page 56. )〕 Image:Tabula Asiae II - Sarmatia Asiatica.jpg|People with name ''Sirbi'' near the estuary of the river Volga, on Ptolemaic map from 1552. Image:Ptolemaic map Scythia 1598.jpg|People with name ''Sirbi'' near the estuary of the river Volga, on Ptolemaic map from 1598. Image:European and Asiatic Sarmatia 1794.JPG|People with name Serbi (Серби) near the estuary of the river Volga, according to the map from the book of Jovan Rajić, printed in Vienna in 1794. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Origin hypotheses of the Serbs」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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